Uterine pathology
The uterus as a cause of implantation failures and repeated miscarriages
When it comes to achieving natural pregnancy or through assisted reproduction treatments, the good reproductive state of the uterus is decisive.
Infertility associated with uterine causes can occur either due to malformations in the anatomy of the uterus or due to the existence of different benign pathologies such as polyps, adenomyosis, fibroids, adhesions, etc.
The uterus is a muscle that contains a virtual cavity in the center in the shape of an inverted triangle and is located in the female pelvis. It is made up of three layers of tissue:
THE PERIMETRIUM OR OUTER LAYER
It is a very thin serous membrane that covers the walls of the uterus.
THE MYOMETRIUM OR INTERMEDIATE LAYER
It is the thickest layer of the uterus and is made up of the most flexible tissue in the entire body, since with pregnancy it will expand as the fetus grows and, after delivery, it will contract again.
THE ENDOMETRIUM
It is the inner layer of the uterus. It is made up of tissue that thickens and flakes off in each menstrual cycle. The endometrium is the layer that comes into direct contact with the embryo at the time of implantation.
Both uterine malformations and abnormalities in any of its layers can cause infertility.
Assessment of uterine pathology
In the treatment of uterine problems associated with infertility, the diagnostic process requires a thorough study of the uterus. Due to its morphology and its changing nature throughout the menstrual cycle, the uterus can hide defects depending on the time at which the examination is performed.
Initial proliferative
In the initial proliferative phase (postmenstruation) the existence of endometrial pathology such as fibroids or polyps can be assessed.
Late proliferative
In the late proliferative phase (preovulatory) we explore the endometrial morphology, the endometrial cavity and also the fallopian tubes.
Luteal
The luteal phase (postovulatory) is the best time to evaluate myometrial pathology, mainly adenomyosis, which is the existence of implants of the same endometrial tissue, but in the thickness of the muscle and not in its usual location.
The uterus is a fundamental organ for human reproduction, whether natural or through assisted reproduction treatment. Through the uterus, semen travels to the fallopian tubes to fertilise the egg. Once fertilisation has occurred (in the tubes), the embryo travels to the uterus to implant in its inner layer or endometrium and will be responsible for offering it optimal conditions that feed and make that embryo become a developing pregnancy.
The main uterine pathologies such as congenital anomalies or malformations, the well-known endometrial polyps, fibroids or uterine synechiae can be the origin not only of infertility due to implantation failures, but also of recurrent miscarriages and even premature or preterm births.
Types of treatment for uterine pathologies
These treatments are carried out by our specialists, generally after ovarian stimulation and always before endometrial preparation to ensure that the uterus is in perfect condition before embryo transfer.
Surgical Hysteroscopy
Minimally invasive intervention intended to resolve uterine pathology such as fibroids, polyps, adenomyomas, etc., or to correct some uterine malformation such as a septum uterus, T-shaped uterus, etc.
